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Sierra Northern Railway (SERA) announced today at the American Short Line and Regional Railroad Association (ASLRRA) conference in Denver, Colorado, that it successfully completed testing of the first four-axle hydrogen-fueled, zero-emission switching locomotive on March 27, 2025, in West Sacramento, California.
Kennan H. Beard III, President of Sierra Northern Railway stated, “This accomplishment marks another major milestone in Sierra’s mission to bring Hydrogen Powered Zero Emission Switcher Locomotives within commercial reach for the short line industry. Both in California and around the world.”
The demonstration of this Hydrogen Powered Zero Emission Switcher Locomotive was funded through a $4,000,000 grant to fund the design, integration, and demonstration of a hydrogen fuel cell switching locomotive from the California Energy Commission (CEC) and administered through GTI Energy.
“Sierra’s successful test proves that short lines can retire pre-tier 0 to tier 4 diesel locomotives and replace them with a Hydrogen Powered Zero Emission Switcher Locomotives using our advanced hydrogen powered units,” said Beard.
Demonstration and validation of Sierra Northern Railways Hydrogen Powered Zero Emission Switcher Locomotive establishes a platform for widespread commercialization in the immediate future. Short line and switching locomotives account for a significant share of the total locomotive energy use within the State of California as they carry a significant portion of freight in California and operate on the first and last miles of the national freight network. This makes short-line operations an excellent testbed for the demonstration of zero-emission technologies and a key to decarbonizing transportation emissions.
This demonstration will start to facilitate the improvement of local air quality, a reduction in greenhouse gas emissions, noise, and odor for the communities that have a short line in their community. Most switcher locomotives in California use an average of approximately 50,000 gallons per year per switcher, potentially leading to a reduction of more than 12 million gallons of diesel per year. This is approximately equivalent to the same amount of fuel used each year by 20,000 light-duty vehicles.
“Sierra Northern Railway is proud that we will continue to lead the industry with low emission switching solutions as we continue to demonstrate that Sierra has achieved what the industry needs to convert to zero emission by integrating advanced hydrogen fuel cells, hydrogen storage, advanced battery and systems control technologies to provide an alternative to less environmentally friendly diesel-powered locomotives.” stated Beard.
In addition to the funds received by the California Energy Commission, Sierra’s funding partners include: The Sacramento Metropolitan Air Quality District, SoCalGas and the Low Carbon Resource Initiative. Project Partners include: GTI Energy, Velocity Strategies, Railpower Tech, WHA International, Inc., OptiFuel Systems, Ballard Power Systems, UC Riverside and Valley Vision.
Next Actions for Sierra Northern Railway
Sierra Northern Railway has already started the process to build three additional zero emission hydrogen fueled switching locomotive from funding it was awarded from the State of California, California State Transportation Agency, Port and Freight Infrastructure Project Funding through a public-private partnership with the Sacramento Metropolitan Air Quality Management District. The total project cost will be approximately $19,500,000 to expand on its current efforts by developing, demonstrating, and testing three additional hydrogen-fueled, zero-emissions switcher locomotives. The testing will be conducted on the soon to be constructed test track in Sierra’s West Sacramento rail yard. When this project is completed in quarter four of 2027, it will expand the Sierra’s Hydrogen Zero Emission Switching Locomotive Fleet to a total of four locomotives and will help Sierra lead the way to eventually convert the entire Sierra fleet to hydrogen powered zero-emission switchers as well as all 260+ switchers in California to a Sierra Hydrogen Powered Zero Emission Switcher Locomotive.
Sierra Northern Railway is leading the industry in building and testing new environmentally friendly zero emission hydrogen fuel cell switching locomotives that will improve air quality, reduce greenhouse gas emissions and noise, and improve the quality of life for communities in proximity to rail operations. Each deployed zero emission hydrogen-fueled locomotive will eliminate the use of conventional diesel fuel.
This work began when the California Energy Commission in 2021 awarded Sierra Northern Railway nearly $4 million to fund the design, integration, and demonstration of the first Sierra hydrogen fuel cell switching locomotive. It is expected that the Commission-funded switching locomotive will start testing in 2024 then go into regular operations. Sierra Northern Railway in July 2023 received additional funding of approximately $19.5 million from the State of California to expand those efforts with three additional switching locomotives. The company by 2027 will have a fleet of four zero emission hydrogen-fueled switching locomotives operating in the Sacramento region, paving the way for its entire fleet and the more than 260 switchers operated by short lines throughout California to be converted.
Mike Hart, CEO of Sierra Railroad Company recently presented to a group of several hundred industry pioneers at the California Hydrogen Leadership Summit.